Crizotinib (1) and ruxolitinib (2) were approved by the FDA for listing in 2011, the former for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) caused by ALK/ROS1 mutation and the latter for idiopathic myelofibrosis, postpolycythemic myelofibrosis, postpolycythemia vera myelofibrosis, polycythemia vera, and acute graft-versus-host disease. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is lung cancer.