For instance, ligands such as connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), collagen type V alpha 1 chain (COL5A1) and ADAM Metallopeptidase Domain 12 (ADAM12), were highly expressed in FB2 from AD arteries which were further correlated to multiple biological behaviors of SMCs, reinforcing a critical role of FB2 alteration in SMC pathology and therefore disease progression (Figure S6B). This evidence concerns the gene COL5A1 and Alzheimer disease.