Furthermore, both GC and PTT+GC upregulated the expression of Cd40 and downregulated suppressing molecule Cd274 (PD-L1) 44 in TIBs, but PTT+GC selectively induced CD40 ligand (Cd40lg) expression in conventional CD4T cells (Figure S1C), suggesting that LAIT treated TIBs could interact with tumor-infiltrating T helper cells and inhibit the suppressing molecule PD-L1 expression in B cells to further augment a potent antitumor immune response. Here, CD40 is linked to neoplasm.