We have shown that bioluminescence microscopy, in combination with the adenoviral delivery of a two-step transcriptional amplification system (TSTA) driven by a modified prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-promoter (PSEBC), named PSEBC-TSTA, can monitor single-cell response to androgen receptor-axis-targeted therapies (ARAT); the main therapeutic target in PCa 15. The gene discussed is AR; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.