CD4 and glioblastoma: Heat shock protein-peptide complexes (HSPPC) have been developed using tumor-derived HSP to successfully generate CD4+ and CD8+ responses in mouse models of mammary and lung tumors (Manjili et al., 2003) (p110), (Wang et al., 2003), In GBM, HSPPC-96 is one such vaccine designed with gp96, a multifunctional HSP capable of inducing both innate and tumor-specific adaptive immunity (Schild and Rammensee, 2000).