Multiple studies indicated a pleiotropic effect of IFIH1 in modulating autoimmunity, and the IFIH1 gene region has been implicated in susceptibility to celiac disease (CD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) (Ferreira et al., 2010; Diogo et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.