TLR4 and infection: In conclusion, our results demonstrate that LigA is a multifunctional protein involved in attachment to host cells to initiate infection, a TLR4 agonist which can activate a strong innate response (possibly evading this TLR4 activation by antigen variation or downregulating its expression upon infection in the host), binds to complement regulators to evade complement-mediated killing and exhibit nuclease activity when Leptospira gets entrapped in NET (Figure 7).