ATM and cancer: Following large-scale cancer sequence analysis, many other HRD-related genes (CDK12, ATM, PALB2) were commonly found in mCRPC (Cancer Genome Atlas Resea, 2015; Robinson et al., 2015; Pritchard et al., 2016), and these non-BRCA DNA repair genes could be used as alternative biomarkers to predict the sensitivity of PARP inhibitors.