For instance, in conditions like diabetes, chronic inflammation or neurodegenerative disorders, RAGE expression is increased dramatically in vasculature, hematopoietic cells, and the central nervous system (CNS), while in normal physiological conditions it is expressed at high levels in the lungs, and at lower levels in different cell types including neurons, immune cells, activated endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells (Sorci et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene AGER and diabetes mellitus.