We identified 21 commonly altered genes including CADM1, CDC42, CDH2, CNTN4, CNTNAP2, DAB2, EFNA5 EPHA7, ERBB4, GJA1, GNAI2, HGF, NFAT5, NFATC1, NOTCH1, PTEN, PTPRM, SLIT2, TNC, Tp53, and WNT2 that are known to be expressed and functionally important in both neural and breast cancer cells 74, 75. Here, TNC is linked to breast cancer.