Furthermore, JNJ0966, a specific therapeutic inhibitor of MMP-9, which is commonly used for many researches, including cancer, fibrosis, immune dysregulation, and neurodegenerative diseases, could inhibit activation of MMP-9 zymogen and subsequent generation of catalytically active enzyme, but have no effect on MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, or MMP-14 catalytic activity and does not inhibit activation of the highly related MMP-2 zymogen. Here, MMP9 is linked to cancer.