In the present study, we provide several lines of evidence demonstrating the involvement of CD147 in regulating cancer cell sensitivity to paclitaxel: (a) CD147 expression in ovarian cancer and NSCLC tissues correlates with pathological response of tumors to paclitaxel-based treatment; (b) CD147 expression increases in paclitaxel resistant cells compared with the parent cells, though the mechanism underlying CD147 upregulation remains to be elucidated; and (c) depletion of CD147 increases paclitaxel sensitivity and overexpression of CD147 has the opposite effect. This evidence concerns the gene BSG and ovarian cancer.