Co-expression of a FOS expression plasmid with the 343 bp enhancer led to 5.4 ± 0.5 fold and 4.3 ± 0.3 fold (p<0.001 for both) increase in enhancer activities for control and IPF fibroblasts (Fig 4D). The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.