Previous gene expression analysis from a cross-sectional post-mortem study has identified multiple differences in CP samples obtained from patients with depression, particularly in the downregulation of genes related to the “transforming growth factors- beta” (TGF-B) pathway, which are known to interact with the production of the extracellular matrix, suggesting changes in the cytoskeleton of CP epithelial cells in patients with MDD (Turner et al., 2014). Here, TGFB1 is linked to major depressive disorder.