Nivlouei et al. developed a hybrid multiscale model that integrates: a Boolean model of signal transduction pathways involving receptor tyrosine kinases, integrin, cadherin, and Wnt; a cellular Potts model of interactions between cancer cell and endothelial cell in the ECM; and a PDE‐based diffusion model of VEGF and nutrients like oxygen (Jafari Nivlouei et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and cancer.