On the other side, in disease areas where angiogenesis is lacking and needs to be promoted (e.g., limb ischemia/PAD, myocardial ischemia/CAD), direct therapeutic augmentation of pro‐angiogenic signaling using growth factors such as VEGF or pro‐angiogenic regulators such as HIF had failed to achieve clear efficacies in late‐phase clinical trials to date (Annex, 2013; Annex & Cooke, 2021; Mitsos et al., 2012). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is peripheral arterial disease.