Independent patient cohorts fron GSE17800 dataset was used to verify the top 25 genes mRNA levels in DCM, which indicated that expression of ANKRD1, ASPN, CTGF, DPT, FMOD, MFAP4, OMD, JAK2, NPPA, NPPB and IGFBP3 was also significantly up-regulated and MYH6 was significantly down-regulated in DCM cardiac tissues as compared to normal cardiac tissues (Figure 5). Here, NPPB is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.