The metabolic landscape is also, in a large part, determined by the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in the hypoxic tumour environment, MYC, and other signalling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)–AKT, NOTCH, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) [204,205,206,207,208,209,210,211]. This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and neoplasm.