These basic processes support epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition [78, 79, 81, 249], migration and invasion [79, 81], increased aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1)–positive cancer stem cells [79, 81], and suppression of tumor immunity [22, 24, 78, 81, 175, 250, 251]. Here, ALDH1A1 is linked to cancer.