Elevated NRP1 expression was detected in malignant cells and in tumor microenvironment (TME) on macrophages, Treg cells, CD8+ T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) (reviewed in Chuckran et al. 2020; Moutal et al. 2021; De Vlaemnick et al. 2020; Liu et al. 2020). This evidence concerns the gene NRP1 and neoplasm.