Serum CXCL1 levels had a strong role in differentiating active SLE (SLEDAI > 10) from inactive SLE (SLEDAI < 10) and non-LN patients with AUCs of 0.969 (95% CI 0.933–1.0, p < 0.0001) and 0.838 (95% CI 0.758–0.918, p < 0.0001), respectively. Here, CXCL1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.