TREM1 and infection: Activation of TREM-1 induces the increased secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-12p40 by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, which enhances inflammation during infection caused by different pathogens, such as influenza A virus, dengue virus, hepatitis C virus, Plasmodium falciparum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [8,9,10,11].