Moreover, reductions of sweet solution intake and preference have been associated with diminished lingual gene expression level of the sweet taste receptor T1R3 in obesity-prone chow-fed rats compared with obesity-resistant chow-fed rats [34] and in high-fat-fed obese rats compared with chow-fed lean rats [38], which suggests that reduction of sweet solution intake and preference may be a consequence of altered sweet taste receptors. Here, TAS1R3 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.