TNFRSF1A and colitis: Scientists using the rat colitis model, intestinal endothelial cell line IEC-6, and human colon epithelial cell line, Caco-2-, investigated the effect of bromelain on the inhibition of transmembrane tumor necrosis factor receptors 1/2 (TNFR1) and (TNFR2) and thus its ability to inhibit the TNF-α signaling pathway.