CASP3 and neoplasm: To demonstrate the anti-tumor potential of γ-Fe2O3 NPs_TPPS in combination with LED irradiation, Western blotting analysis was performed on three apoptosis-related proteins, caspase 3, Bax and NF-kB, a proliferation marker MCM-2 and a com-ponent of adherens junctions, that promotes cell adhesion, β-catenin (Figure 15).