Aberrant Th1 and Th17 cells could activate innate immune cells by producing proinflammatory cytokines, such as IFNγ, IL-17, and TNFα, and metformin is shown to inhibit in the production of cytokines of Th1 and Th17 cells, alleviating the autoimmune diseases including various ALIs [34, 35]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is autoimmune disease.