NPPB and heart failure: The guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) (2) and the American Heart Association (AHA) (3) suggest that the incorporation of biomarkers with clinical and imaging tools can be beneficial for establishing the diagnosis and assessing disease severity in heart failure, including biomarkers of brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), and cardiac troponin.