Inflammation cells, monocytes and cytokines they release (such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) have also been found to play an important role in different cardiovascular pathological processes, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial remodelling and heart failure, and arrhythmias (29–31). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and myocardial infarction.