IL6 and inflammatory bowel disease: In summary, the effects of curcumin in IBD have primarily been attributed to its ability to reduce epithelial cell damage, suppress the expression of COX, prostaglandin E-2 (PGE2), including NF-kB activity that regulate proinflammatory cytokine gene expression (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF) in various cell types (122–125).