When miR-584-5p was knocked down, it promoted the migration, invasion, and spheroid-forming ability of SK-Hep-1 cells and the expression of CD133, OCT4, NANOG, and Sox2, and this effect could also be reversed by the knockdown of MAPK1. The overexpression of miR-584-5p enhanced the chemosensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib, while its knockdown decreased the chemosensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib, and both results could also be reversed through the overexpression and knockdown of MAPK1, respectively (Supplementary Figure S5). This evidence concerns the gene SOX2 and hepatocellular carcinoma.