In vitro, p37 can not only induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but also activate multiple signal pathways by activating protein kinases, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT cascade, protein kinase C (PKC) family and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/RAS signal cascade, which increases the invasiveness of prostate cancer (104, 105). Here, AKT1 is linked to prostate carcinoma.