IFNA1 and neoplasm: In addition, there were more immune-related gene sets obviously upregulated in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group such as interferon (IFN)-, interleukin-15 (IL15)-, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-associated signatures, which showed a higher immune activity, whether pro- or anti-tumor, within hypoxia GBM microenvironment (Figure 3B and Supplementary Table S4).