TNF and Hepatic fibrosis: Algandaby also showed that crocin (25 and 100 mg/kg) attenuates the expression of TGF-β, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen 1-α, NF-κB, COX-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α following thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in mice [67].