First, we have shown that IL-15 promotes autoimmune Type 1 diabetes (T1D) that does not rely on IL-15Rα but requires IL-15Rβ, as treatment with antibody targeting the IL-15Rβ during the early and late stages of insulitis progression prevented T1D development and the expansion of diabetogenic T cells (21, 22). This evidence concerns the gene IL15RA and type 1 diabetes mellitus.