However, in low leptin states where there is little energy imbalance, such as reduced weight maintenance, congenital leptin deficiency, or lipodystrophy, most, if not all, of the metabolic and behavioral effects of low leptin are at least partially relieved (Farooqi et al., 1999; Oral et al., 2002; McDuffie et al., 2004; Rosenbaum et al., 2005, 2008b,b; Park et al., 2007; Kissileff et al., 2012; Hinkle et al., 2013; Brown et al., 2018). Here, LEP is linked to lipodystrophy.