At the protein level, in cultured RA-MDMs, CTLA4-Ig 100 μg/mL slightly increased the synthesis of CD163 after 24 h of treatment, whereas the high concentration did not induce any upregulation of this M2 phenotype marker, even after 48 h of treatment compared to unstimulated cells (Fig. 4). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.