INS and gestational diabetes: Moreover, blood glucose, serum insulin and total AGEs on GD 18 were significantly advanced in GDM mice (10.83±0.93 mmol/l, 19.34±1.98 mIU/l and 218±8.6 ng/ml) in contrast to the NCD mice (8.77±0.75 mmol/l, 13.52±1.68 mIU/L and 116±7.8 ng/ml ) (Fig. 2C–E).