In contrast, higher expression of PD-1H in the tumor compartment predicted longer overall survival in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (Villarroel-Espindola et al., 2018), high-grade serous ovarian cancer (Zong et al., 2020), colorectal carcinoma (Zong et al., 2021), hepatocellular carcinoma (Zhang et al., 2018), triple-negative breast cancer (Cao et al., 2020), hepatocellular carcinoma, and epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma (Muller et al., 2020). Here, VSIR is linked to colorectal carcinoma.