In particular, a decline in DC/MC of the myeloid lineage (CD33+/CD34+) is associated with disease relapse: in patients transplanted for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), CD34+ PBMC MC was found to be an independent predictor of relapse and inferior survival (12–14). This evidence concerns the gene CD33 and myelodysplastic syndrome.