However, no significant effects were observed in the expression of inflammatory mediators as wells as p-TrkB and BDNF in the PFC after combined prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with rhANP in LPS-induced endotoxemia, indicating rhANP could exert its anti-neuroinflammatory and cognition-improving effects specifically via hippocampal TrkB/BDNF signaling pathway. This evidence concerns the gene NTRK2 and serum lipopolysaccharide activity.