It is apparently more susceptible to lipolysis than subcutaneous adipose tissue and is associated with higher production of TNF-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), IL-6, IL-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), C-reactive protein (CRP), chemokines from the CC and CXC families, IL-18, and IL-33, most of which are involved in insulin resistance. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is Insulin resistance.