Given that MCP1 is viewed as a critical factor for the initiation of an inflammatory response in the IVD [45] and that an imbalanced upregulation of matrix remodelling genes is associated with IDD [46,47], these findings lead to the assumption that complex dynamic loading can start as well as aggravate an inflammatory and degenerative process in the IVD. Here, CCL2 is linked to intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.