TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: In addition, Jang and colleagues found that the levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, interferon-c (IFN-c), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10, are highly correlated with tumor stage, tumor response, and patient survival in HCC, and multivariate analysis showed that the IL-6 level is an independent indicator of unfavorable prognosis [120].