Since the discovery of mutations in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene in French families [1] and its identification as the third genetic cause of autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) [2], PCSK9 has become an attractive therapeutic target for the prevention of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) [3,4]. The gene discussed is PCSK9; the disease is Hypercholesterolemia.