CREB1 and Mental deterioration: Furthermore, the dipeptide stimulates brain functions and curbs cognitive decline through brain-gut interaction, by activa-tion of the transcription factor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) [61]; CREB in turn, as main regulator of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), induces its synthesis and release also from intestinal epithelial cells [62,63].