CCL2 and Alzheimer disease: Treatment of AD patients with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil) has reduced the secretion of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells [71] and favored the secretion of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and IL-4 [80].