The effect of this modification depends on the conditions, that is, under cerebral ischemia-reperfusion conditions, NO activates ASK1; conversely, in IFN-γ-treated cells or under TLR signaling conditions, NO inhibits ASK1 by suppressing its interaction with MKK3/6 (reviewed in [3]). The gene discussed is MAP3K5; the disease is Cerebral ischemia.