Txnip, which encodes thioredoxin-interacting protein and has been implicated in β cell apoptosis in T2D [18], was upregulated, as was SREBF1, which encodes sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, primarily known for its role in fatty acid synthesis but also known to impair insulin secretion [19]. The gene discussed is TXNIP; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.