FBXO32 and cardiac hypertrophy: Although MURF1 maintains the balance between hypertrophic and anti-hypertrophic signaling via the inhibition of the protein kinase C-mediated signaling in myocytes, MAFBX inhibits cardiac hypertrophy, prevents ischemic injury, and regulates the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by polyubiquitination and degradation of calcineurin A [1,10].