MAPT and multiple system atrophy: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are neurodegenerative diseases with diverse brain pathologies: PSP is characterized by tau filaments with four repeats, globular neurofibrillary changes, and glial fiber changes in the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes; conversely, MSA is characterized by fibrillar inclusions of α-synuclein (termed glial cytoplasmic inclusions) in the oligodendrocytes [1,2].