Taking into account the discrepancy in findings derived from different study, it could be suggested that genetic variability in SERPINE1 is influenced by the ethnicity and/or type of diabetes, as many studies conducted in Asians with T2DM detected significant association between genetic variants of SERPINE1 and DN, whereas studies performed in Caucasians with T1DM did not detect any significant association between SERPINE1 and DN. The gene discussed is SERPINE1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.